| Issue |
Matériaux & Techniques
Volume 112, Number 5, 2024
Special Issue on ‘Circular Economy initiatives and solutions in the steel sector’, edited by Valentina Colla and Ismael Matino
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 503 | |
| Number of page(s) | 23 | |
| Section | Circular economy, recycling, reuse, sobriety | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2024026 | |
| Published online | 21 November 2024 | |
Review
Roadmap for recycling practices and resource utilization in the iron and steelmaking industry: a case studies
1
K1-MET GmbH, 4020 Linz, Austria
2
Acciaierie d’Italia S.p.A., 20151 Milano, Italy
3
ArcelorMittal Belgium NV, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
4
Butter Bridge BV, 1000 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
5
University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland
6
Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
7
RINA Consulting − Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.p.A., 00128 Rome, Italy
8
Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
9
Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing − National Research Council of Italy (STIIMA-CNR), 20133 Milano, Italy
10
Swerim AB, 97125 Luleå, Sweden
11
Tenova S.p.A., 21053 Castellanza, Italy
12
TU Dortmund University, 44339 Dortmund, Germany
13
Ghent University, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Gent, Belgium
* e-mail: lina.kieush@k1-met.com
Received:
6
February
2024
Accepted:
20
October
2024
This paper aims at providing an overview of the ways for residue valorization in the iron and steelmaking industry. The important role of recycling in iron and steelmaking as a cornerstone for achieving a cleaner and resource-efficient potential is described. Several research results concerning metals and metal oxides (scrap, scale), slags, dusts, process gases, and water recycling from the iron and steelmaking process are reviewed here, aiming to detect those research gaps that still need implementation and suggest potential approaches toward potential solutions. Through a comprehensive evaluation, several possibilities are provided to incorporate effectively in metallurgical processes the bio-based or bio-derived carbon materials, namely biomass, biochar, biocoke, and polymers from waste plastics to reduce the dependence on fuel and reducing agents from fossil sources, and therefore mitigating the related environmental impact of the steel industry. Eventually, this review highlights the importance of embracing circular economy (CE) principles in iron and steelmaking, along with considering opportunities for industrial symbiosis (IS) and exploring the role of digitalization and digital solutions in recycling practices.
Key words: Recycling / scrap / slag / biomass / biochar / plastics / iron and steelmaking
Publisher note: The article has been added in open access. The article has been corrected on 26 November.
© L. Kieush et al., 2024
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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